OLINK TECHNOLOGY AMAKURU ---- NIKI CYIZA CYIZA?
Ibyuma bifata ibyuma ni inteko hamwe ninsinga nyinshi zarangiye zaciwe cyangwa zifatanije hamwe.Izi nteko zorohereza kwishyiriraho mugihe cyo gukora ibinyabiziga.Bashyizweho kandi kugirango bakoreshe umwanya muto imbere yimodoka, kugirango barinde umutekano wongeyeho insinga, kandi batange aho bahurira neza, bityo bafashe gukemura ibibazo byo kunyeganyega, guterana, nibindi byago.
NI GUTE HARNESSES ZINYURANYE?
Imodoka hamwe namakamyo bifite ibikoresho bitandukanye kuri sisitemu nyinshi ziri mu ndege, harimo: bateri n’amashanyarazi, ibyuma byo gutwika, inkingi yo kuyobora, kugenzura ubwato, gufata feri irwanya gufunga, icyerekezo (dashboard) cluster, kumurika imbere, umutekano wimbere n’umutekano, imbere- amatara yanyuma, amatara yinyuma, inzugi (gufunga no kugenzura idirishya), trailer-hitch wiring, na vuba aha, sisitemu yinyuma-kamera, imiyoboro igendanwa na bluetooth, hamwe na GPS cyangwa sisitemu yo kugendesha ibyogajuru.Ikigereranyo kimwe, cyitirirwa isosiyete ikora ibizamini bya Cirris Systems mu kinyamakuru Inteko, ni uko impuzandengo y'ibikoresho kuri buri modoka ari 20.
AMAFARANGA Y’UMURYANGO N'ITERAMBERE
Imodoka yoroheje cyangwa “C-class” ifite 1,2 km y'insinga, kandi hejuru ya 90% muri yo ni mm 0,5 z'umurambararo, cyangwa irenga, nk'uko byagaragajwe mu nama ya CRU yo mu mwaka wa 2012 na Cable na Cable na Francois Schoeffler wa Acome.Icyiciro cyoroheje gifite ubwinshi bwicyiciro icyo aricyo cyose.Muri 2013, abakora amamodoka bakoze imodoka zingana na miliyoni 26 - 30% yimodoka yumwaka hamwe namakamyo yoroheje.Ibi bivuze ko kilometero zirenga miliyoni 30 zinsinga zikoreshwa zikoreshwa mumodoka zoroheje umwaka ushize.
Uruganda rukora imodoka mu Budage BMW ruvuga ko sisitemu y’amashanyarazi mu bwoko bwayo bunini ishobora kugira kilometero zigera kuri 3 za kabili na kabili ipima ibiro 60.Mu kiganiro cyatanzwe na 2013 mu imurikagurisha ry’ikoranabuhanga rikoresha amashanyarazi, Dr. Don Price, umukozi wa Ford Motor Co hamwe n’inama y’Amerika ishinzwe ubushakashatsi ku binyabiziga, yavuze ko kuri buri kinyabiziga hari “1.000 zaciwe” (insinga). harnesses.
HARNESS YUZUYE
Usibye umubare munini wokurangiza, abashushanya ibikoresho bagomba gukemura ibibazo byinshi kubunini bwinsinga, kwizerwa kubidukikije, no koroshya kwishyiriraho, byose mugihe hagabanijwe ingano yubunini muri rusange, uburemere, nigiciro.Mubisanzwe, ibikoresho byateguwe kubintu byihariye cyangwa urubuga.Byumvikane ko moderi nyinshi zimodoka zishobora gutumizwa hamwe nibintu bidahitamo, cyangwa kuvanga ibintu biranga.Ibi byongeyeho urundi rwego rugoye kubiterane - guhunika, gucunga, no gushiraho ibikoresho bitandukanye bigoye.Rero, ibikoresho nabyo byashizweho kugirango byorohereze-byoroshye-mugihe cyo guterana.
Rimwe na rimwe, ibikorwa byinshi bishyizwe hamwe, hamwe nabakora ibikoresho bitanga ibikoresho-byingenzi byumubiri, cyangwa izindi nteko zitoroshye hamwe ninsinga nyinshi zafashwe cyangwa zizingiye hamwe.Ingero zirimo ibikoresho byumuryango cyangwa ibikoresho byimbere-bikoreshwa na societe zimwe.
IBISABWA BYIZA BYIZA
Bimwe mubitsindira mumodoka bishyigikira ibintu bikomeye byumutekano.Kurugero, insinga zo kuyobora, gufata feri, no kugenzura moteri bigomba kuba byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa byiringirwa, harimo ibisobanuro byubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, kunyeganyega, no kwangirika.Ibi bisabwa bigira ingaruka kubayobora, kurangiza, nibikoresho bya jacketing.Imodoka irashobora kandi kugira 30 ihuza muri sisitemu igenzura imifuka yindege, umwanya wicyicaro, nibindi bibuza umutekano.
NI GUTE HARNESSES YAKOREWE?
Umusaruro wa Harness urimo ibikoresho nibikorwa bikurikira:
- gukata insinga ikingiwe uburebure bwagenwe
- kwiyambura insulasi kumpera
- gushiraho iherezo, amacomeka, cyangwa imitwe
- Gushyira umugozi warangiye uburebure ku kibaho cyangwa ikadiri
- Gufatisha clamp, clips, cyangwa kaseti kugirango uhuze uburebure bwa kabili ahantu hamwe
- gushira imiyoboro, amaboko, cyangwa kaseti kugirango ukingire, imbaraga, no gukomera
- kwipimisha no gutanga icyemezo
Muri uru rutonde, inzira ya gatatu, gushiraho iherezo, ifite intambwe nyinshi nuburyo butandukanye bitewe nubwoko bwuyobora nubwoko bwihuza.Gutunganya kurangiza bishobora kubamo uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura kubayobora, guhonyora, guhuza, no gufunga, no guhuza inkweto zitandukanye, clips, reseptable, cyangwa amazu.
GUKORESHA UBUYOBOZI NTIBISHOBOKA
Imashini zirashobora gukora neza bimwe mubikorwa byimyitozo yavuzwe haruguru, nko gukata, kwiyambura, no guhonyora.Bitabaye ibyo, hari imirimo myinshi igira uruhare mugushira insinga no kugerekaho ibyuma.BMW itanga ibisobanuro bikurikira mu gusobanura ibyuma biri mu modoka zayo: “Bitewe n'uburemere bwabyo, ibyuma byo gukoresha insinga bikozwe gusa mu buryo bwikora mu buryo bworoshye cyane.Hafi ya 95% by'inganda zikorwa n'intoki ku cyapa cyashushanyije. ”
UBUCURUZI MPUZAMAHANGA MU GUKORESHA HARNESSES
Kubera ko umurimo ari igice kinini cyibiciro by’umusaruro, abakora ibikoresho bagiye bubaka inganda nshya mu bihugu bifite abakozi bake.Abakora ibikoresho byubaka inganda nshya muri gahunda yo kwagura cyangwa muri gahunda yo guhindura umusaruro ku masoko ahendutse.Rimwe na rimwe, gukenera inganda nshya bifitanye isano n’imodoka nshya cyangwa inganda nshya zo guteranya imodoka.
MEXICO AYOBORA MU BIKORWA BIKURIKIRA
Nk’uko imibare mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi ibigaragaza, mu mwaka wa 2013 ibihugu 11 byohereje mu mahanga amafaranga arenga miliyari imwe y’amadolari y’ibikoresho byo gutwara ibinyabiziga.Ubushinwa bwabaye ubwa kabiri, bufite miliyari 3.2 z'amadolari y'Amerika, bukurikirwa na Romania, Vietnam, Amerika, Maroc, Philippines, Ubudage, Polonye, Nikaragwa, na Tuniziya.Abaherezwa mu mahanga berekana uruhare rw’Uburayi bw’iburasirazuba, Afurika y’Amajyaruguru, na Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Amajyepfo mu musaruro w’ibikoresho byo ku isi.Nubwo Ubudage butari isoko ryumurimo uhendutse, ibigo byinshi byingenzi bikoresha ibikoresho bifite icyicaro gikuru, ibishushanyo mbonera n’ibizamini, hamwe n’ibigo by’ibikoresho byo mu Budage.(Igice cya 7)
URUHARE RW'AMASOKO YIHUTIRWA
Mu 2003 ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byose hamwe byinjije miliyari 14.5 z'amadolari ya Amerika, aho US $ 5.4 yoherejwe mu bihugu biri mu cyiciro cy’isoko ryateye imbere ndetse na miliyari 9.1 z’amadolari yoherezwa mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere.Kugeza mu 2013, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byariyongereye hamwe na CAGR ya 9% igera kuri miliyari 34.3 USD.Amasoko akivuka yagize uruhare runini muri iri terambere, aho ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byazamutse hamwe na CAGR ya 11% igera kuri miliyari 26.7 USD.Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu masoko yateye imbere byiyongereye hamwe na CAGR ya 4% igera kuri miliyari 7.6 USD.
GUKURA MU BIKORWA BIKURIKIRA
Usibye ibihugu 11 bifite ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu mwaka wa 2013 birenga miliyari imwe y'amadolari y'Amerika, hari ibihugu 26 byoherezwa mu mahanga hagati ya miliyoni 100 na miliyari imwe y'amadolari y'Amerika, ndetse n'ibindi bihugu 20 byohereza ibicuruzwa hagati ya miliyoni 10 na miliyoni 100 USD.Ni yo mpamvu ibihugu 57 byinjije mu mahanga ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byose hamwe bigera kuri miliyari 34 z'amadolari y'Amerika.
AMASOKO HAMWE N'URUGENDO RUSHYA
Bimwe mu bihugu bifite ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga hagati ya miliyoni 10 na miliyoni 100 z’amadolari y’Amerika ni abinjira mu nganda - umusaruro w’ibikoresho watangiye mu myaka ibiri cyangwa itatu ishize kandi uriyongera cyane.Urugero, Kamboje yari ifite ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga kugeza mu mwaka wa 2012, igihe Yazaki na Sumitomo Wiring Systems bashingayo inganda.Uruganda rwa Yazaki rwarafunguwe mu mpera zumwaka.Muri Kamboje ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byari miliyoni 17 US $ muri 2012 na miliyoni 74 US $ muri 2013, bikaba byiyongereyeho 334% umwaka ushize.Ford Motors kandi yafunguye uruganda rushya rwo guteranya muri Kamboje muri 2013.
Undi mushya ni Paraguay.Fujikura yafunguye uruganda rukora insinga mu Kwakira 2011 maze yagura ibikorwa n’uruganda rwa kabiri muri Nzeri 2013. Paraguay ifite kandi uruganda rushya rw’imodoka - uruganda rwa Dongfeng na Nissan rwatangiye gukora mu 2011. Andi masoko yerekana ko yiyongereye cyane muri ibikoresho byoherezwa mu mahanga mu myaka yashize birimo Kosta Rika, El Salvador, Misiri, Makedoniya, Moldaviya, na Seribiya.
ABAKORESHEJWE BARI hafi 75% BY'ISOKO RYOSE
Amakuru yubucuruzi ni ingirakamaro mu kwerekana uruhare rw’amasoko y’umurimo ahendutse mu nganda zikoresha insinga ku isi, ariko abakora amamodoka benshi bakoresha ibikoresho bikozwe mu gihugu kimwe.Kurugero, amakuru yubucuruzi yerekana ibikoresho bikomeye byoherezwa mu Bushinwa, Ubuhinde, Indoneziya, Mexico, Maroc, no mu bindi bihugu bifite n’inganda ziteranya imodoka n’amakamyo.CRU ivuga ko gukoresha insinga zose mu 2013 byari miliyari 43 z'amadolari ya Amerika, harimo ibikoresho byo mu gihugu ndetse n'ibitumizwa mu mahanga.
HARNESS AGACIRO K'IMODOKA
Amakuru yubucuruzi mpuzamahanga arahari mubijyanye nagaciro (US $) nuburemere (kg).Ibihugu nka Arijantine, Kanada, Ubutaliyani, Suwede, n'Ubwongereza bifite uruganda rukora amamodoka cyangwa amakamyo ariko nta ruganda rukora ibikoresho.Mu bihugu nk'ibi, amakuru ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga arashobora kugabanywa n'umubare w'imodoka zakozwe kugira ngo haboneke agaciro n'uburemere bw'ibyuma bifata insinga kuri buri kinyabiziga.Ibisubizo byerekana urutonde mubihugu bitandukanye, byerekana kuvanga ingano yimodoka zitandukanye nigiciro (ibiranga) ibyiciro byakozwe muri buri gihugu.
Muri 2013, nk'urugero, agaciro k'ibikoresho kuri buri kinyabiziga kari hagati ya $ 300 US muri Arijantine kugera ku madorari arenga 700 US $ ku masoko amwe n'amwe yo mu Burayi.Itandukaniro ryitirirwa kuvanga imiterere yimodoka yakozwe, hamwe nibihugu nku Budage, Suwede, nu Bwongereza bifite ijanisha ryinshi ryimodoka nini kandi nziza.Ikigereranyo cyo gukoresha ibikoresho kuri buri kinyabiziga mu Butaliyani cyari US $ 407, naho Ubutaliyani buvanze n’imodoka ntoya, hagati, n’imodoka nini bisa no kuvanga isi yose.
AMAFARANGA YABAKORESHEJE IMODOKA AKAZUKA
Urebye kuvanga ubwoko bwimodoka hamwe nuburyo butandukanye mubicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bitandukanye, CRU yagereranije agaciro kagereranijwe ku isi ku kinyabiziga ku madolari agera kuri 500 muri 2013. Agaciro kiyongereye hamwe na CAGR ya 10% kuva $ 200 muri 2003. Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, izamuka ry’ibiciro by’umuringa ryagize uruhare ruto mu kuzamura ibiciro by’ibikoresho, ariko ikintu nyamukuru ni ukongera umubare w’imodoka kuri buri kinyabiziga.
HARNESS DATA MURI TONNES
Ukoresheje amakuru y’ubucuruzi ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga muri toni, CRU yagereranije ikigereranyo cya kilo cy’insinga kuri buri kinyabiziga ku modoka n’amakamyo yoroheje yakozwe ku isi hose mu 2013 ari kg 23.Ingano ukurikije igihugu iri munsi ya kg 10 kuri buri kinyabiziga mumasoko amwe n'amwe akizamuka afite ijanisha ryinshi rya moderi yibanze cyangwa yoroheje, kugeza kuri kg zirenga 25 kumodoka kumasoko amwe n'amwe yateye imbere hamwe nimodoka nini nini kandi nziza.
AVERAGE HARNESS URUPFU RUGENDE RUGENDE
Impuzandengo yari kg 13 kuri buri kinyabiziga muri Arijantine, 18 kg mu Butaliyani, kg 20 mu Buyapani, na kg zirenga 25 mu Bwongereza.Na none kandi, nubwo intera iri mu byiciro by’ibinyabiziga n’ibihugu, hari inzira igaragara yo kugera kuri kg nyinshi kuri buri kinyabiziga mu bihugu byose kuva 2003 kugeza 2013. Ikigereranyo cy’isi cyari kg 13.5 kuri buri modoka muri 2003, 16.6 muri 2008, na 23.4 muri 2013. The uburemere bwibikoresho kuri buri kinyabiziga birimo uburemere bwinsinga zashizwemo, kurangiza, clamp, clips, imiyoboro ya kabili, imiyoboro irinda, amaboko, na kaseti.Ingano yuyobora irashobora kuva kuri 0.5 mm2 kugeza kuri mm2 zirenga 2.0, bitewe na porogaramu.
NINDE UKORA INYUMA?
Igice kinini cyimodoka zikoresha ibyuma bikozwe ninganda zigenga zikora amamodoka hamwe namasosiyete kabuhariwe mu gukoresha insinga.Mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ishize, bimwe mu bigo binini by’imodoka byari bifite amashami akora ibikoresho, ariko ibyo byaciwe, akenshi kubinzobere nini nini.Kenshi na kenshi, ibigo bikoresha ibikoresho bigurisha abakora imodoka nyinshi.Urwego rwo hejuru rwabakora ibikoresho bikubiyemo ibigo bikurikira (muburyo bw'inyuguti): Acome, Delphi, Draexlmaier, Fujikura, Furukawa Automotive Systems, Kromberg na Schubert, Lear, Leoni, Sumitomo Wiring Systems, na Yazaki.
Izi sosiyete zose zifite inganda zikoreshwa ahantu henshi.Urugero, Yazaki, yari afite abakozi 236.000 ku mbuga 237 zo mu bihugu 43 guhera muri Kamena 2014. Izi sosiyete zo mu rwego rwo hejuru nazo zifite imishinga ihuriweho n’ibigo byinshi mu bihugu byinshi.Rimwe na rimwe, JVs cyangwa amashami afite amazina yisosiyete atandukanye.Icyiciro cya kabiri cy'abakora amamodoka arimo Idaco, Lorom, Lumen, MSSL (umushinga uhuriweho na Samvardhana Motherson Group na Sumitomo Wiring Systems), Yura n'abandi benshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-23-2020